MOTS-C
Enhances insulin sensitivity, Promotes glucose metabolism, Anti-inflammatory properties, Supports mitochondrial health, Slow down aging processes.
Research Benefits
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Pantheon Peptides
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What is MOTS-c?
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA Type-c) is a novel mitochondria-derived peptide encoded not in the nuclear genome but in the mitochondrial DNA — specifically within the 12S ribosomal RNA gene. Discovered by Chang et al. at USC in 2015, MOTS-c represents an entirely new class of bioactive peptides: retrograde mitochondrial signaling peptides that travel from mitochondria to the nucleus and even into systemic circulation.
Mechanism of Action
AMPK Activation
MOTS-c activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) — the master metabolic sensor of cellular energy status. AMPK activation mimics many effects of caloric restriction and exercise, including increased glucose uptake, fat oxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and autophagy.
Folate Cycle Inhibition
MOTS-c inhibits the folate cycle and AICAR in the methionine pathway, increasing AICAR accumulation — which independently activates AMPK. This mechanism is distinct from most metabolic activators and provides a unique route to AMPK-mediated benefits.
Nuclear Translocation and Gene Regulation
Remarkably, MOTS-c can enter the cell nucleus and directly regulate gene expression — including genes governing the integrated stress response, metabolic adaptation, and inflammation. This nuclear activity is unusual for a mitochondria-derived peptide.
Exercise Mimetic Properties
Research has characterized MOTS-c as an 'exercise mimetic' — it activates many of the same molecular pathways triggered by physical exercise, including mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose metabolism optimization, and anti-inflammatory signaling.
Key Research Findings
Insulin Sensitivity
MOTS-c treatment dramatically improved insulin sensitivity in obese mouse models — reducing blood glucose and improving glucose tolerance on par with established insulin sensitizers.
Lifespan Extension
Administration of MOTS-c in aged mice extended median and maximum lifespan while improving metabolic function and physical performance — positioning it as a longevity research candidate.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects
MOTS-c reduces systemic inflammation markers and modulates immune cell function — relevant to the 'inflammaging' research area that links chronic inflammation to accelerated aging.
*For research use only. Not for human consumption.*
Research Use Only: This product is for laboratory research purposes only. Not intended for human consumption. Not approved by the FDA for any therapeutic use. Consult a qualified physician before any use.
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